Active management

An investment management approach where a manager aims to beat the market through research, analysis and their own judgement. See also Passive management.

Active Ownership/Engagement

The use of the rights and position of ownership to influence the activities or behaviour of investee companies.

Active risk

Risks taken by an actively managed fund as it attempts to beat the returns of its benchmark.

Alpha

The return on an asset in excess of the asset’s required rate of return.

Alternative investments

Investments outside of the traditional asset classes of equities, bonds and cash. Alternative investments include property, hedge funds, commodities, private equity, and infrastructure.

Annualised return

The compounded average annual returns for periods greater than one year.

Asset allocation

Apportioning a portfolio's assets based on investment objectives.

Assets Under Management

Amount of funds (value) managed by the firm.

Benchmark

A standard, (usually an index or a market average) that an investment fund's performance can be measured against. Many funds are managed with reference to a stated benchmark.

Beta

A measure of the sensitivity of the portfolio to the overall market.

Bid price

The price at which a buyer is willing to pay.

Book Value

The original cost of an investment.

Bottom up investing

An investment strategy that focuses on picking stocks by analysing the fundamentals of the individual stocks.

Coupon

The annual interest paid on a bond.

Credit rating

A score given to assess the creditworthiness of the borrower.

Dealers

A dealer is an entity or firm who trades securities for their own account. A dealer acts to trade for their own account as opposed to a broker who executs orders on behalf of clients.

Developed markets

Refers to the market of a developed nation in terms of its economy and capital markets.

Distributors

Appointed partners that are authorized to sell units of LGI funds.

Diversification

Process of allocating capital to reduce exposure to a limited number of stocks or asset class.

Dividend

Distribution of profits to shareholders.

Duration

Duration measures the sensitivity of a debt instrument to interest rate changes. The price of a bond with a longer time to maturity will be more sensitive to interest rate.

Emerging markets

Refers to the market of a developing nation.

Enhanced Liqudity (context of funds)

High liquidity, income focused products offered by LGI. Achieved by investing in high quality debt instruments.

ETFs

Exhange Traded Funds. A basket of securities that is traded on an exchange.

Expense Ratio

Expense deducted from your fund measured as a percentage of the fund.

Factsheet

A document containing essential information about our products.

Feeder Fund

An investment fund that funnels it's capital into a master fund via a master-feeder relationship.

Growth Investing

Diversified equity portfolio with the main goal of capital appreciation.

Hedged Class (funds)

Share classes that seek to minimize an investor's currency exposure.

Information ratio

Subtracting the benchmark's rate of return from the portfolio's rate of return before dividing by the tracking error. A general indicator of the fund manager's performance.

Initial charge

Fee payable upon the initial purchase of the product.

Investment grade bond

Bonds that are rated as low risks by credit agencies.

Junk bond

Bonds that are rated as risky by credit agencies.

Management Fee

A fee charged by the asset/investment manager for managing the fund.

Market capitalisation

The total value of all the shares outstanding of a company.

Money Market

Refers to short term debt instruments with maturity of one year or less.

Multi Asset Strategy

Portfolio that is managed using a combination of asset classes like stocks, bonds, real estate or even commodities to generate returns.

NAV

Net asset value. Total value of a fund's assets minus it's liabilities.

Offer Price

The price at which a buyer is willing to sell.

Overlay

Using separate accounts, which when combined, aims to achieve the objective of the mandate.

Overweight/underweight

Overweight refers to having a greater position that the benchmark weight. The opposite applies for underweight.

P/B Ratio

The ratio of the company's share price to its book value per share. A commonly used valuation metrics.

P/E Ratio

The ratio of the company's share price to its earnings per share. A commonly used valuation metrics.

Par value

The face value of a bond.

Passive Management

An investment strategy that seeks to track the performance of an index. See also Active Management.

PRI (Principles for Responsible Investing)

Principles for Responsible Investment is a United Nations-supported international network of investors working together to implement its six aspirational principles. A signatory is a member of the network of investors. More information is available at www.unpri.org.

Prospectus

A prospectus is a formal document that provides details on an investment offering.

Proxy Voting

The process for an entity to vote on behalf of a corporate shareholder who cannot attend the shareholders' meeting.

Rebalancing

Adjusting the weightings of the components in a portfolio to its required weighting.

Redemption

When an investor sells the units of his/her fund. See also Subscription.

REITs

Real estate investment trusts.

Retail

Individual investors that trade for themselves, usually at smaller volumes than institutional clients.

Risk-adjusted return

There are various risk-adjusted return ratios used like commonly used Sharpe Ratio. It is a measure of the return on an investment while taking into consideration the degree of risk associated with it.

Share Classes

Certain funds may offer different share classes, which offer varying sales charges, expense ratios and minimum investment requirements. Some share classes may also be denoted in different currencies or offered as currency hedged securities.

Sharpe ratio

Subtracting the risk-free rate from the portfolio's rate of return and divide by the standard deviation of the portfolio's return. A general indicator of the fund manager's performance.

Smart Beta Strategy

Smart Beta Strategies seek to enhance returns by using predetermined factors.

Standard deviation

A statistical measure of the dispersion of the data set from its mean.

Subscription

When an investor buys units in a fund. See also Redemption.

Switching Fee

The charge levied for switching from one fund to another fund managed by the same manager.

Tactical asset allocation

A short term shift in the asset allocation to take advantage of short term market opportunities.

Target Return

A fund that targets a specific return that could be a variable rate like inflation or a fixed percentage.

Top down investing

An investment strategy where investment decisions are focused on macro views.

Tracking Error

The deviation of portfolio returns from benchmark returns.

Turnover ratio

The percentage of a portfolio's holding's that has been replaced in a year.

Volatility

The range of price change for a security. It applies to upward and downward moves.

Weighted (average) credit rating

The weighted average credit rating reflects the holdings of the underlying issues, based on the size of each holding and ratings assigned to each based on rating agency assessments of its creditworthiness.

Weighted Duration

The weighted average duration of a fund reflects the effective duration of the underlying issues, based on the size of each holding.

Weighted (average) Yield to Maturity

The weighted yield to maturity of bond holdings (annualised rate of return if bonds are held to maturity) weighted by their relative size in the portfolio. The rate of return includes the coupon payments received during the term of a bond and its principal repayment upon maturity.

Yield

The percentage return of an investment over a period of time.

Yield to Maturity (bonds)

The percentage return (annualised rate of return) of holding the bond until its maturity date.